Engineering Glossary
From fundamental principles to cutting-edge practices, this glossary covers the full spectrum of software engineering terminology.
YAML (Yet Another Markup Language)
Human-readable data serialization standard that can be used in conjunction with all programming languages.
DevOps
YAML Sprawl
Proliferation of YAML configuration files, often leading to maintenance and consistency challenges.
DevOps
Yak Shaving
Seemingly useless activity which, by allowing you to overcome intermediate difficulties, allows you to solve a larger problem.
DevOps
Yarn
Fast, reliable, and secure dependency management tool for Node.js, offering improved performance and additional features over NPM.
DevOps
Yocto
Open-source collaboration project that helps developers create custom Linux-based systems.
DevOps
Yoda Conditions
Programming style where the constant goes before the variable in a conditional statement.
DevOps
You Build it You Run it
DevOps principle where development teams are also responsible for supporting the software in production.
DevOps
Zabbix
Open-source software tool to monitor various IT components, including networks, servers, virtual machines, and cloud services.
DevOps
Zero Downtime Deployment
Deployment method that ensures the application remains available to users during the entire update process.
DevOps
Zero Nines
A measure of system availability where no uptime guarantee is provided. It indicates a service with no specified reliability commitments or expectations.
DevOps
Zero Trust
Security concept centered on the belief that organizations should not automatically trust anything inside or outside its perimeters.
DevOps
Zero-day Attack
Cyber attack exploiting a vulnerability that is unknown to the software vendor or to antivirus vendors.
DevOps
Zipkin
Distributed tracing system that helps gather timing data needed to troubleshoot latency problems in service architectures.
DevOps
Zookeeper
Centralized service for maintaining configuration information, naming, providing distributed synchronization, and providing group services.
DevOps
Zsh (Z Shell)
Extended version of the Bourne Shell with many improvements, including some features of Bash, ksh, and tcsh.
DevOps
iOS Deployment
Process of distributing iOS applications to Apple devices, often through the App Store or enterprise distribution methods.
DevOps
macOS
Apple's Unix-based operating system for Macintosh computers, known for its user-friendly interface and tight integration with Apple hardware.
DevOps
index entry
index entry
A record in Git's index file representing the state of a file in the repository.
integration
integration
A connection between Git and other tools or services to enhance functionality and workflow.
key fingerprint
key fingerprint
A short sequence of bytes used to identify a longer public key in Git's GPG signing process.
keychain
keychain
A secure storage system for passwords and keys, often integrated with Git clients for credential management.
keyword
keyword
A reserved word in Git commands or configurations with a specific meaning or function.
label
label
A way to categorize and organize issues and pull requests in GitHub repositories.
license
license
A document in a Git repository specifying how the project can be used, modified, and distributed.
line comment
line comment
A feature in Git platforms allowing users to comment on specific lines of code in pull requests or commits.
line ending
line ending
Characters marking the end of a line, which can cause issues in Git when collaborating across different operating systems.
locked personal account
locked personal account
A GitHub account that has been restricted due to a violation of terms of service or suspicious activity.
main
main
The default name for the primary branch in many Git repositories, replacing 'master' in recent conventions.
management console
management console
An administrative interface for managing Git hosting services, often used in enterprise environments.
markup
markup
A system of annotation used to format text, often used in Git documentation and comments.
members graph
members graph
A visual representation of an organization's membership on Git hosting platforms.
merge conflict
merge conflict
A situation in Git where incompatible changes have been made to the same part of a file, requiring manual resolution.
milestone
milestone
A way to track progress on groups of issues or pull requests in GitHub projects.
mirror
mirror
A complete copy of a repository, including all branches and history, often used for backup or as a full replica.
nested team
nested team
A team within a GitHub organization that is a subset of a larger team, inheriting its permissions.
network graph
network graph
A visual representation of the commit history and branch structure of a Git repository.
news feed
news feed
A personalized list of recent activity on Git platforms, showing updates from followed users and repositories.
non-fast-forward
non-fast-forward
A Git push that introduces new commits to the remote branch that aren't direct descendants of the current remote HEAD.
notification
notification
An alert system on Git platforms to inform users about relevant activities and mentions.
object
object
A fundamental unit in Git's data model, representing content, commits, trees, or tags, identified by a unique SHA-1 hash.
object database
object database
The storage system in Git that contains all versions of project files and metadata, organized by SHA-1 hashes.
object identifier (oid)
object identifier (oid)
A unique SHA-1 hash that identifies a Git object, ensuring data integrity and enabling content-addressable storage.
object name
object name
Another term for the SHA-1 hash that uniquely identifies a Git object in the repository.
object type
object type
The classification of Git objects, including blob (file content), tree (directory structure), commit, and tag.
octopus
octopus
A Git merge involving more than two branches simultaneously, creating a commit with multiple parents.
organization
organization
A shared account on Git hosting platforms where businesses and open-source projects can collaborate across many projects.
organization owner
organization owner
A user with administrative privileges for an organization account on Git hosting platforms.
orphan
orphan
A branch in Git with no parent commit, typically used to start a new history unrelated to existing branches.
outside collaborator
outside collaborator
A user granted access to a repository but not a member of the organization that owns the repository.
overlay
overlay
A Git feature that allows files from one branch to temporarily override files in another branch without merging.
owner
owner
The user or organization with administrative rights to a Git repository, controlling access and settings.
pack
pack
A compressed file format used by Git to store multiple objects efficiently, reducing repository size.
pack index
pack index
A file that provides fast random access to objects stored within a packfile in Git.
parent
parent
A commit from which another commit is derived, establishing the hierarchical relationship in Git history.
parent team
parent team
A team in a Git platform that grants its permissions to nested sub-teams within an organization.
participating notifications
participating notifications
Alerts received when you're directly involved in repository activities like being assigned or mentioned.
pathspec
pathspec
A pattern used in Git commands to limit the scope of operations to specific files or directories.
peel
peel
The process of recursively dereferencing a Git object to reveal its underlying object type.
per-worktree ref
per-worktree ref
A reference specific to a particular working tree in a Git repository with multiple worktrees.
permalink
permalink
A URL that points to a specific version of a file or directory in a Git repository, ensuring consistent reference.
personal account
personal account
An individual account on Git platforms, used for personal projects and contributions.
pickaxe
pickaxe
A Git feature for searching the repository history to find when a particular change was introduced.
pinned repository
pinned repository
A featured repository prominently displayed on a user's or organization's profile page on their Git hosting platform of choice.
plumbing
plumbing
Low-level Git commands that expose internal workings, primarily used for scripting and advanced operations.
porcelain
porcelain
High-level Git commands designed for everyday use, providing a user-friendly interface to common version control tasks.
pre-receive hooks
pre-receive hooks
Server-side scripts that run before pushed commits are accepted, used to enforce policies or perform checks.
primary email address
primary email address
The main email associated with a Git account, used for communications and commit author identification.
private contributions
private contributions
Contributions made to private repositories, typically only visible to repository collaborators.
private repository
private repository
A Git repository with restricted access, visible only to the owner and explicitly granted collaborators.
production branch
production branch
A Git branch that represents the stable, deployed version of a project, often protected from direct changes.
profile
profile
A user's public page on a Git platform, displaying information about their activity and repositories.
profile photo
profile photo
An image representing a user on a Git platform, displayed alongside their contributions and activities.
project board
project board
A kanban-style board in Git platforms for organizing and prioritizing project issues and pull requests.
protected branch
protected branch
A branch with rules enforcing certain conditions before changes can be pushed, merged, or deleted.
pseudoref
pseudoref
A Git reference that doesn't follow the standard refs format but is treated similarly, like HEAD or MERGE_HEAD.
public contributions
public contributions
Contributions made to public repositories, visible on a user's profile and activity feed.
public repository
public repository
A Git repository that is openly accessible to anyone, allowing viewing and often cloning without authentication.
pull access
pull access
Permission level in Git allowing a user to clone a repository and fetch updates, but not push changes.
pull request review
pull request review
The process of examining proposed changes in a pull request before they are merged into the main codebase.
pulse graph
pulse graph
A visual representation of a GitHub repository's recent activity, including commits, issues, and pull requests.
punch graph
punch graph
A visualization of commit frequency over time, often displayed as a heatmap on Git platforms.
push a branch
push a branch
The act of uploading commits from a local branch to a corresponding branch in a remote Git repository.
push access
push access
Permission to upload local changes to a remote Git repository, allowing direct modification of shared branches.
reachability bitmaps
reachability bitmaps
Data structures used to optimize Git operations by quickly determining which objects are reachable from a given commit.
reachable
reachable
Git objects that can be accessed by following the commit history from a given reference point.
read access
read access
Permission to view and clone a Git repository without the ability to make changes or push commits.
recovery code
recovery code
A backup method for accessing a Git account if two-factor authentication is enabled but unavailable.
ref
ref
A name that points to a specific Git object, typically a commit, such as branches or tags.
refs
refs
The collection of references in a Git repository, including branches, tags, and other named pointers to commits.
remote URL
remote URL
The address of a remote Git repository, used for fetching and pushing changes between local and remote repositories.
remote repository
remote repository
A version of a Git project hosted on a server, serving as a central point for collaboration and backup.
remote-tracking branch
remote-tracking branch
A local reference that represents the state of a corresponding branch in a remote repository.
replica
replica
A copy of a Git repository, often used in distributed systems for redundancy and load balancing.
repository cache
repository cache
A local storage of repository data used to improve performance in Git operations.
repository graph
repository graph
A visual representation of the commit history and branch structure in a Git repository.
repository maintainer
repository maintainer
A person responsible for managing a Git repository, reviewing contributions, and maintaining project quality.
required pull request review
required pull request review
A protection rule requiring one or more reviewers to approve changes before merging in Git platforms.
required status check
required status check
A condition that must be met, such as passing tests, before changes can be merged into a protected branch.
resolve
resolve
The process of addressing and fixing merge conflicts in Git, typically done manually by the developer.
revert
revert
A Git operation that creates a new commit that undoes the changes made by a previous commit.
review
review
The process of examining proposed changes in a pull request before merging them into the main codebase.
revision
revision
A specific version of a file, directory, or entire repository in Git, often referenced by a commit hash.
rewind
rewind
The act of moving a branch pointer to an earlier commit in Git, effectively undoing more recent commits.
root directory
root directory
The top-level directory of a Git repository, containing all project files and the .git subdirectory.
root filesystem
root filesystem
The base filesystem of a Git repository, from which all other directories and files are organized.
saved reply
saved reply
A pre-written response that can be quickly inserted into issues or pull request comments on Git platforms.
scope
scope
The range of access or permissions granted to a token or application in Git-based systems.
seat
seat
A licensed user in enterprise Git hosting plans, typically representing a single user account.
secret team
secret team
A team in a Git organization that is hidden from non-members and other teams within the organization.
security log
security log
A record of security-related events and actions in a system, used for monitoring and auditing purposes.
server-to-server request
server-to-server request
An authenticated request between Git servers, often used in integrations or automated processes.
service hook
service hook
A mechanism for Git platforms to send event notifications to external services or applications.
shallow repository
shallow repository
A Git repository with an intentionally truncated history, often created through shallow cloning.
single sign-on
single sign-on
An authentication process allowing users to access multiple Git-related services with one set of credentials.
special ref
special ref
A Git reference with a specific meaning or function, such as HEAD or FETCH_HEAD.
staging instance
staging instance
A deployment environment used for testing changes before releasing to production in Git-based workflows.
star
star
A feature on Git hosting platforms allowing users to bookmark repositories of interest.
3D Stacked Memory for Cloud Servers
High-density memory architecture using vertically stacked chips, enhancing performance and capacity in cloud server hardware.
5G Cloud
Cloud infrastructure optimized for 5G networks, supporting high-speed, low-latency services and applications.
5G Network Slicing
Technique to create multiple virtual networks on a shared physical 5G infrastructure, each optimized for specific use cases.
5G and Edge Computing
Integration of 5G networks with edge computing to enable low-latency, high-bandwidth applications closer to end-users.
6G Cloud Integration
Future convergence of 6G networks with cloud computing, promising ultra-high speeds and advanced capabilities.
ACID Compliance
Database transaction properties (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) ensuring data integrity in cloud environments.
AI Ethics Compliance Tools
Software ensuring AI systems adhere to ethical guidelines and regulations in cloud deployments.
AI Ethics and Bias Detection Tools
Software for identifying and mitigating ethical issues and biases in AI models deployed in cloud environments.
AI Ethics and Governance Tools
Solutions for managing ethical considerations and regulatory compliance in cloud-based AI systems.
AI Governance Frameworks
Structured approaches for managing AI development, deployment, and use in cloud environments.
AI Model Governance Platforms
Comprehensive solutions for managing, monitoring, and controlling AI models in cloud-based systems.
AI Model Interpretability Services
Cloud-based tools for explaining and understanding the decision-making processes of AI models.
AI Model Interpretability Tools
Software for analyzing and explaining AI model decisions, crucial for transparency in cloud AI services.
AI Model Marketplaces
Cloud platforms for discovering, sharing, and monetizing pre-trained AI models and algorithms.
AI Model Monitoring and Drift Detection
Tools for tracking AI model performance and identifying deviations from expected behavior in cloud environments.
AI Model Versioning and Governance
Systems for managing different versions of AI models and enforcing governance policies in cloud deployments.
AI-Assisted Coding Platforms
Cloud-based development environments that use AI to assist programmers in writing and optimizing code.
AI-Augmented Analytics
Integration of AI capabilities into data analytics processes in cloud environments for enhanced insights.
AI-Driven Capacity Planning
Use of AI algorithms to predict and optimize resource allocation in cloud infrastructures.
AI-Driven Cloud Optimization
Application of AI techniques to improve efficiency, performance, and cost-effectiveness of cloud resources.
AI-Driven Cloud Resource Allocation
Automated distribution of cloud resources using AI to optimize performance and cost-efficiency.
AI-Driven Cloud Service Composition
AI-based automation of cloud service selection and integration for complex workflows.
AI-Driven Code Generation
Automated creation of source code using AI models, often integrated into cloud development platforms.
AI-Driven Data Classification
Automated categorization and labeling of data using AI algorithms in cloud storage and processing systems.
AI-Driven Network Optimization
Use of AI to improve network performance, efficiency, and security in cloud environments.
AI-Driven Resource Allocation
Intelligent distribution of computing resources in cloud environments using AI algorithms.
AI-Driven Security Information and Event Management (SIEM)
Enhanced SIEM systems using AI for improved threat detection and response in cloud environments.
AI-Driven Threat Detection
Use of AI algorithms to identify and analyze potential security threats in cloud systems.
AI-Driven Threat Hunting
Proactive search for hidden threats in cloud environments using AI-powered analytics and automation.
AI-Optimized Cloud Hardware
Cloud infrastructure components designed or configured to enhance AI workload performance.
AI-Optimized Databases
Database systems tailored for AI workloads, often featuring in-memory processing and distributed architectures.
AI-Powered Anomaly Detection
Use of AI algorithms to identify unusual patterns or behaviors in cloud systems and data.
AI-Powered Integration
Intelligent automation of data and application integration processes in cloud environments using AI.
AI-as-a-Service
Cloud-based offering of AI capabilities, allowing businesses to leverage AI without extensive in-house expertise.
AI-as-a-Service (AIaaS)
Cloud-based AI capabilities offered as a service, enabling easy integration of AI into applications.
AIOps Platforms
Integrated solutions leveraging AI for automated monitoring, analysis, and management of cloud IT operations.
AIOps for Predictive Maintenance
Use of AI-driven analytics to forecast and prevent system failures in cloud infrastructure.
API Security Gateway
Service that protects APIs in cloud environments by managing access, monitoring traffic, and preventing attacks.
API Security Gateways
Dedicated services for securing and managing APIs in cloud environments, including access control and threat protection.
API-First Development
Design approach prioritizing API creation before implementation, common in cloud-native application development.
API-Led Connectivity
Integration strategy using purpose-built APIs to connect data, devices, and applications in cloud ecosystems.
AR Cloud
Persistent 3D digital content overlaid on the physical world, accessible via cloud infrastructure for augmented reality applications.
AR/VR Analytics
Cloud-based tools for analyzing user behavior and performance in augmented and virtual reality environments.
AR/VR Collaboration Platforms
Cloud-hosted services enabling multi-user interaction in shared augmented or virtual reality spaces.
AR/VR Content Delivery Network
Specialized CDN optimized for delivering AR/VR content with low latency and high bandwidth.
AR/VR Development Platforms
Cloud-based tools and services for creating, testing, and deploying augmented and virtual reality applications.
ARM Templates (Azure)
JSON-based files defining infrastructure and configuration for Azure resource deployment.
Adaptive User Interfaces for Cloud Services
Dynamic UIs that adjust based on user behavior, device capabilities, and context in cloud applications.
Adversarial Machine Learning Detection
Techniques to identify and mitigate attacks on ML models in cloud-based AI systems.
Alerting and Notification
Systems for informing administrators or users about important events or issues in cloud environments.
Algorithmic Auditing
Process of examining AI algorithms for bias, errors, or unintended consequences in cloud-based systems.
Ambient Computing Interfaces for Cloud
Seamless, context-aware interaction methods for accessing cloud services in IoT environments.
Anomaly Detection Systems
Tools for identifying unusual patterns or behaviors in cloud systems, often using machine learning techniques.
Application-Aware Networking
Network management approach that optimizes performance based on specific application requirements in cloud environments.
Approximate Query Processing
Technique for quickly estimating query results in large-scale cloud databases, trading accuracy for speed.
Archive Storage (e.g., Amazon Glacier, Azure Archive Storage)
Low-cost cloud storage for infrequently accessed data with longer retrieval times, e.g., Amazon Glacier, Azure Archive Storage.
Artifact Repository
Cloud-based storage for software build outputs, dependencies, and related metadata.
Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) as a Service
Hypothetical cloud offering of human-level AI capabilities across various domains.
Artificial General Intelligence Research Platforms
Cloud-based environments for developing and testing advanced AI systems approaching human-level intelligence.
Audit Logging
Systematic recording of actions and events in cloud systems for security and compliance purposes.
Audit Trails
Chronological records of system activities for reconstructing and examining the sequence of events in cloud environments.
Augmented Analytics
Integration of machine learning and natural language processing in cloud-based data analytics workflows.
Augmented Reality (AR) Cloud
Shared, persistent digital content overlaid on the physical world, accessible via cloud infrastructure.
Augmented Reality Cloud Interfaces
Cloud-based systems for managing and delivering AR content and experiences, enabling scalable AR applications.
Augmented Reality Cloud Rendering
Cloud-powered generation of AR graphics and content, offloading processing from end-user devices.
Auto Scaling Groups
Collections of EC2 instances that automatically adjust capacity based on defined conditions.
Auto-scaling
Automatic adjustment of cloud resources to match workload demands, ensuring optimal performance and cost-efficiency.
AutoML
Automated machine learning processes for model selection, hyperparameter tuning, and feature engineering in cloud environments.
AutoML in the Cloud
Cloud-based services automating the machine learning pipeline from data preparation to model deployment and monitoring.
Automated AI Pipeline Optimization
AI-driven tools for improving efficiency and performance of machine learning workflows in the cloud.
Automated Cloud Governance Enforcement
Systems that automatically implement and maintain cloud resource policies and compliance.
Automated Compliance Monitoring
Continuous, AI-driven assessment of cloud systems against regulatory and security standards.
Automated Data Discovery
AI-powered tools for identifying, categorizing, and mapping data assets in cloud environments.
Automated Data Governance
AI-driven systems for managing data quality, security, and compliance in cloud environments.
Automated Data Wrangling Services
Cloud-based tools using AI to clean, transform, and prepare data for analysis, streamlining data preparation processes.
Automated Feature Engineering
AI-powered generation and selection of features for machine learning models in cloud environments.
Automated Incident Response Orchestration
AI-driven coordination of security incident detection and resolution in cloud systems, automating response workflows.
Automated Machine Learning (AutoML)
Cloud services that automate the process of creating and optimizing machine learning models, from data prep to deployment.
Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) Platforms
Cloud-based systems that automate the end-to-end machine learning model development process, including feature engineering and model selection.
Automated Penetration Testing
AI-driven tools for simulating cyberattacks to identify vulnerabilities in cloud systems and applications.
Automated Threat Modeling
AI-powered analysis of cloud architectures to identify potential security risks and attack vectors.
Autonomous Systems in the Cloud
Self-managing, self-healing cloud services requiring minimal human intervention, leveraging AI for operations.
Azure Edge Zones
Ultra-low latency edge computing extensions of Azure for 5G networks, bringing cloud resources closer to users.
Azure Policy
Service for creating, assigning, and managing policies to control Azure resources and ensure compliance.
B2B Integration Platforms
Cloud-based services facilitating data exchange and process integration between business partners.
Backend for Frontend (BFF) Pattern
Architectural approach creating backend services tailored to specific frontend application needs in cloud environments.
Bare Metal Server
Physical server dedicated to a single tenant, offering direct hardware access in cloud environments.
Bare Metal Servers
Dedicated physical servers without virtualization, offered as a cloud service for high-performance workloads.
Batch Processing (e.g., AWS Batch, Azure Batch)
Execution of series of jobs without user interaction, often for large-scale data processing in the cloud (e.g., AWS Batch, Azure Batch).
Big Data Clusters
Distributed computing environments for processing and analyzing massive datasets in the cloud.
Billing Dashboard
Interface for monitoring and managing cloud service usage and costs, providing detailed breakdowns and forecasts.
Biocomputing in the Cloud
Use of cloud resources for computational biology and genomics research, enabling large-scale analysis and modeling.
Biodiversity Impact Assessment for Cloud Facilities
Evaluation of cloud data center effects on local ecosystems and wildlife to ensure sustainable operations.
Block Storage
Cloud storage that provides fixed-size raw storage volumes, typically used for databases or file systems.
Block Storage (e.g., Amazon EBS, Azure Disk Storage)
Cloud services providing persistent block-level storage volumes for use with compute instances.
Blockchain Analytics
Cloud-based tools for analyzing and visualizing blockchain data and transactions, offering insights into network activity.
Blockchain Databases
Distributed databases using blockchain technology for enhanced security and immutability in cloud environments.
Metrics Pipeline
System for collecting, processing, and storing performance metrics from containerized applications and infrastructure.
Metrics Server
Kubernetes add-on that collects resource metrics from kubelets for use in autoscaling and monitoring.
Metrics Server Optimization
Techniques for improving the performance and efficiency of the Kubernetes Metrics Server for better monitoring.
MicroK8s
Lightweight, CNCF-certified Kubernetes distribution designed for developer workstations, IoT devices, and CI/CD.
Microservices Chassis Pattern
Reusable base structure for building microservices, providing common functionalities like logging and monitoring.
MinIO Object Storage
High-performance, S3-compatible object storage system, often used for persistent storage in container environments.
Mount Propagation
Feature allowing containers to share mounted volumes, enabling advanced storage scenarios in Kubernetes.
Multi-Container Pod Patterns
Design patterns for deploying multiple containers within a single pod, such as sidecar, ambassador, or adapter patterns.
Multi-architecture Images
Container images supporting multiple CPU architectures, enabling deployment flexibility across diverse hardware.
Multi-cluster Management
Tools and practices for administering and orchestrating multiple Kubernetes clusters as a unified system.
Multi-cluster Networking
Technologies and configurations enabling network connectivity and service discovery across multiple Kubernetes clusters.
Multi-cluster Orchestration
Coordinated management and deployment of containerized applications across multiple Kubernetes clusters.
Multi-cluster Service Discovery
Mechanisms for locating and accessing services deployed across multiple Kubernetes clusters.
Multi-cluster Service Mesh
Implementation of service mesh functionalities spanning multiple Kubernetes clusters for unified traffic management.
Multi-stage Builds
Dockerfile technique using multiple stages to create optimized, smaller container images by separating build and runtime environments.
Multitenancy Benchmarks
Performance and isolation tests for evaluating the effectiveness of multi-tenant Kubernetes cluster configurations.
Multus
CNI plugin enabling attachment of multiple network interfaces to pods in Kubernetes, supporting advanced networking scenarios.
Multus CNI
Container Network Interface plugin allowing multiple CNI plugins to be used simultaneously, enabling multi-network support for pods.
Multus CNI for Multiple Networks
Use of Multus to attach pods to multiple networks, enabling complex networking scenarios in Kubernetes.
Mutating Webhooks
Admission controller webhooks that can modify resource requests before they are persisted, enabling dynamic resource manipulation.
Mutual TLS (mTLS)
Security protocol ensuring both client and server authenticate each other, commonly used in service mesh implementations.
NIST SP 800-190
Observability platform offering performance monitoring and analytics for containerized applications and infrastructure.
NSM (Network Service Mesh)
Cloud-native approach to solving L2/L3 use cases and service chain provisioning in Kubernetes.
NUMA-aware Scheduling
Kubernetes feature considering Non-Uniform Memory Access topology for optimal pod placement.
Namespace
Kubernetes abstraction for creating multiple virtual clusters within a physical cluster, providing a scope for names and resources.
Namespaces
Kubernetes feature for partitioning clusters into virtual sub-clusters, enabling resource isolation and access control.
Network Address Translation (NAT)
Process of modifying network address information in packet headers for routing in container networks.
Network Function Virtualization (NFV)
Concept of replacing dedicated network appliances with virtualized functions, often containerized.
Network Microsegmentation
Security technique dividing networks into isolated zones, enhancing container and microservices security.
Network Policies
Kubernetes resources specifying how groups of pods are allowed to communicate with each other and other network endpoints.
Network Policy
Specification of how groups of pods are allowed to communicate with each other and other network endpoints.
Network Policy Logging
Feature enabling logging of allowed and denied network connections based on Kubernetes Network Policies.
Network Segmentation
Practice of dividing a network into smaller segments or subnets, improving security and performance in container environments.
Network Service Mesh (NSM)
Cloud-native solution providing layer 2/3 network services to Kubernetes workloads, enhancing networking capabilities.
NetworkPolicy
Kubernetes resource defining rules for pod-to-pod and pod-to-external communication, implementing network segmentation.
NeuVector for Container Firewall
Security platform providing real-time container firewall, vulnerability management, and compliance for Kubernetes.
New Relic Container Monitoring
Observability platform offering performance monitoring and analytics for containerized applications and infrastructure.
Node
Basic unit of a distributed application in many systems, often referring to individual machines or processes.
Node Affinity
Kubernetes feature allowing pods to be scheduled on nodes with specific characteristics based on labels.
Node Authorization
Kubernetes authorization mode controlling kubelet access to the API server, enhancing cluster security.
Node Auto-provisioning
Feature automatically adjusting the number of nodes in a Kubernetes cluster based on workload demands.
Node Exporter
Prometheus exporter for hardware and OS metrics exposed by *NIX kernels, used for node-level monitoring in Kubernetes.
Node Feature Discovery
Kubernetes add-on detecting hardware features and system configuration, facilitating hardware-aware scheduling.
Node Name
Unique identifier for a node in a Kubernetes cluster, used in various operations and configurations.
Node Pressure Eviction
Process of removing pods from a node when it experiences resource pressure, ensuring stability.
Node Problem Detector
Kubernetes add-on monitoring and reporting node health issues, enhancing cluster reliability.
Node Restriction Admission Plugin
Kubernetes plugin limiting node and pod modifications to increase security and prevent privilege escalation.
Node Selector
Kubernetes feature for constraining pods to nodes with specific labels, enabling basic scheduling control.
Node Upgrade Process
Procedure for updating the software stack on Kubernetes nodes while minimizing disruption to running workloads.
Node-level Logging
Capture and management of system and container logs at the node level in a Kubernetes cluster.
NodeLifecycleController
Kubernetes controller managing the lifecycle of nodes, handling node registration and decommissioning.
NodeLocal DNSCache
Kubernetes add-on running a dns caching agent on cluster nodes to improve DNS performance.
NodePort
Kubernetes service type exposing the service on each node's IP at a static port, enabling external access.
NodePort Services
Kubernetes services that expose applications on a static port on each node, facilitating external access.
Non-root User Containers
Security practice of running containers with non-privileged users to reduce potential attack surface.
North-South Traffic
Network communication between external clients and services within a Kubernetes cluster, typically through ingress.
Notary
Open-source project providing secure content distribution and verification for container registries.
Notary for Content Trust
Implementation of Notary to ensure the integrity and authenticity of container images, enhancing supply chain security.
OCI Distribution Spec
Open Container Initiative specification defining an API protocol for distributing container images.
OCI Image Spec
Open Container Initiative specification defining the format of container images, ensuring interoperability.
OCI Image Specification
Detailed standard for container image format, ensuring interoperability between different container technologies.
OCI Runtime Specification
Standard defining the configuration, execution environment, and lifecycle of containers, ensuring compatibility.
OOM Killer
Linux kernel mechanism for terminating processes when the system runs out of memory, affecting container reliability.
OVN-Kubernetes for Open Virtual Networking
Integration of Open Virtual Network with Kubernetes for advanced software-defined networking.
Octant Dashboard
Open-source developer-centric web interface for visualizing Kubernetes cluster state and workloads.
Open Container Initiative (OCI) Runtime Spec
Industry standard for container runtime implementations, ensuring compatibility across platforms.
Open Policy Agent (OPA)
General-purpose policy engine for cloud-native environments, often used for Kubernetes admission control.
Open Policy Agent (OPA) Constraint Framework
OPA-based system for declaring, managing, and enforcing policies in Kubernetes environments.
OpenEBS
Container-attached storage solution providing persistent storage for stateful workloads in Kubernetes.
OpenEBS Local PV
OpenEBS feature for provisioning local persistent volumes, optimizing performance for I/O intensive workloads.
OpenFaaS
Framework for building serverless functions with Docker and Kubernetes, simplifying the deployment of event-driven workloads.
OpenID Connect Tokens
JSON Web Tokens used for authentication in Kubernetes, often integrated with external identity providers.
OpenTelemetry Collector
Vendor-agnostic way to receive, process, and export telemetry data in various formats for observability.
OpenTracing
Vendor-neutral API for distributed tracing, facilitating the instrumentation of microservices for observability.
OpenYurt
Kubernetes extension designed for edge computing scenarios, enabling efficient management of edge nodes.
Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM)
Kubernetes extension that oversees installation, upgrades, and management of Operators in a cluster.
Operator Metering
Feature for usage reporting and billing in Kubernetes clusters, often used with Operators.
Operator Metrics
Performance and health indicators exposed by Kubernetes Operators for monitoring and alerting.
Operator Pattern
Kubernetes extension pattern for automating application-specific operational knowledge and tasks.
Operator SDK
Framework for building Kubernetes Operators, simplifying the development process with high-level APIs.
Operator Scorecard
Tool for validating Operators against best practices and providing suggestions for improvements.
OperatorHub
Public registry for finding and sharing Kubernetes Operators, facilitating discovery and distribution.
Out-of-Tree Plugins
Kubernetes plugins developed and maintained outside the main Kubernetes repository, enabling extensibility.
Outbox Pattern for Reliable Messaging
Design pattern ensuring consistency between database and message broker in distributed systems.
Outlier Detection
Process of identifying abnormal behavior in containerized applications or infrastructure for troubleshooting.
Overlay Filesystems
Layered filesystem used by container runtimes to efficiently manage image layers and container writes.
Overlay Networks
Virtual networks created on top of existing networks, enabling container-to-container communication across hosts.
Parent Image
Base container image upon which other images are built, providing foundational layers for child images.
Peer Authentication
Service mesh feature ensuring mutual authentication between services using mTLS, enhancing security.
Persistent Volume Claims (PVC)
Kubernetes resource representing a request for storage by a user, abstracting storage implementation details.
Persistent Volumes (PV)
Kubernetes abstraction for a piece of storage in the cluster, managed independently of individual pods.
PersistentVolume
Kubernetes resource representing a piece of storage in the cluster that has been provisioned by an administrator.
PersistentVolumeClaim
Kubernetes resource representing a request for storage by a user, abstracting the details of the underlying storage implementation.
Pipeline as Code
Practice of defining CI/CD pipelines using code, often stored alongside application code for version control and review.
Pixie
Open-source observability tool for Kubernetes, providing automatic data collection and real-time debugging capabilities.
Pixie for Kubernetes Observability
Use of Pixie to gain deep insights into Kubernetes cluster performance and application behavior without code changes.
Pod
Smallest deployable unit in Kubernetes, consisting of one or more containers sharing storage and network resources.