Engineering Glossary
From fundamental principles to cutting-edge practices, this glossary covers the full spectrum of software engineering terminology.
YAML (Yet Another Markup Language)
Human-readable data serialization standard that can be used in conjunction with all programming languages.
DevOps
YAML Sprawl
Proliferation of YAML configuration files, often leading to maintenance and consistency challenges.
DevOps
Yak Shaving
Seemingly useless activity which, by allowing you to overcome intermediate difficulties, allows you to solve a larger problem.
DevOps
Yarn
Fast, reliable, and secure dependency management tool for Node.js, offering improved performance and additional features over NPM.
DevOps
Yocto
Open-source collaboration project that helps developers create custom Linux-based systems.
DevOps
Yoda Conditions
Programming style where the constant goes before the variable in a conditional statement.
DevOps
You Build it You Run it
DevOps principle where development teams are also responsible for supporting the software in production.
DevOps
Zabbix
Open-source software tool to monitor various IT components, including networks, servers, virtual machines, and cloud services.
DevOps
Zero Downtime Deployment
Deployment method that ensures the application remains available to users during the entire update process.
DevOps
Zero Nines
A measure of system availability where no uptime guarantee is provided. It indicates a service with no specified reliability commitments or expectations.
DevOps
Zero Trust
Security concept centered on the belief that organizations should not automatically trust anything inside or outside its perimeters.
DevOps
Zero-day Attack
Cyber attack exploiting a vulnerability that is unknown to the software vendor or to antivirus vendors.
DevOps
Zipkin
Distributed tracing system that helps gather timing data needed to troubleshoot latency problems in service architectures.
DevOps
Zookeeper
Centralized service for maintaining configuration information, naming, providing distributed synchronization, and providing group services.
DevOps
Zsh (Z Shell)
Extended version of the Bourne Shell with many improvements, including some features of Bash, ksh, and tcsh.
DevOps
iOS Deployment
Process of distributing iOS applications to Apple devices, often through the App Store or enterprise distribution methods.
DevOps
macOS
Apple's Unix-based operating system for Macintosh computers, known for its user-friendly interface and tight integration with Apple hardware.
DevOps
index entry
index entry
A record in Git's index file representing the state of a file in the repository.
integration
integration
A connection between Git and other tools or services to enhance functionality and workflow.
key fingerprint
key fingerprint
A short sequence of bytes used to identify a longer public key in Git's GPG signing process.
keychain
keychain
A secure storage system for passwords and keys, often integrated with Git clients for credential management.
keyword
keyword
A reserved word in Git commands or configurations with a specific meaning or function.
label
label
A way to categorize and organize issues and pull requests in GitHub repositories.
license
license
A document in a Git repository specifying how the project can be used, modified, and distributed.
line comment
line comment
A feature in Git platforms allowing users to comment on specific lines of code in pull requests or commits.
line ending
line ending
Characters marking the end of a line, which can cause issues in Git when collaborating across different operating systems.
locked personal account
locked personal account
A GitHub account that has been restricted due to a violation of terms of service or suspicious activity.
main
main
The default name for the primary branch in many Git repositories, replacing 'master' in recent conventions.
management console
management console
An administrative interface for managing Git hosting services, often used in enterprise environments.
markup
markup
A system of annotation used to format text, often used in Git documentation and comments.
members graph
members graph
A visual representation of an organization's membership on Git hosting platforms.
merge conflict
merge conflict
A situation in Git where incompatible changes have been made to the same part of a file, requiring manual resolution.
milestone
milestone
A way to track progress on groups of issues or pull requests in GitHub projects.
mirror
mirror
A complete copy of a repository, including all branches and history, often used for backup or as a full replica.
nested team
nested team
A team within a GitHub organization that is a subset of a larger team, inheriting its permissions.
network graph
network graph
A visual representation of the commit history and branch structure of a Git repository.
news feed
news feed
A personalized list of recent activity on Git platforms, showing updates from followed users and repositories.
non-fast-forward
non-fast-forward
A Git push that introduces new commits to the remote branch that aren't direct descendants of the current remote HEAD.
notification
notification
An alert system on Git platforms to inform users about relevant activities and mentions.
object
object
A fundamental unit in Git's data model, representing content, commits, trees, or tags, identified by a unique SHA-1 hash.
object database
object database
The storage system in Git that contains all versions of project files and metadata, organized by SHA-1 hashes.
object identifier (oid)
object identifier (oid)
A unique SHA-1 hash that identifies a Git object, ensuring data integrity and enabling content-addressable storage.
object name
object name
Another term for the SHA-1 hash that uniquely identifies a Git object in the repository.
object type
object type
The classification of Git objects, including blob (file content), tree (directory structure), commit, and tag.
octopus
octopus
A Git merge involving more than two branches simultaneously, creating a commit with multiple parents.
organization
organization
A shared account on Git hosting platforms where businesses and open-source projects can collaborate across many projects.
organization owner
organization owner
A user with administrative privileges for an organization account on Git hosting platforms.
orphan
orphan
A branch in Git with no parent commit, typically used to start a new history unrelated to existing branches.
outside collaborator
outside collaborator
A user granted access to a repository but not a member of the organization that owns the repository.
overlay
overlay
A Git feature that allows files from one branch to temporarily override files in another branch without merging.
owner
owner
The user or organization with administrative rights to a Git repository, controlling access and settings.
pack
pack
A compressed file format used by Git to store multiple objects efficiently, reducing repository size.
pack index
pack index
A file that provides fast random access to objects stored within a packfile in Git.
parent
parent
A commit from which another commit is derived, establishing the hierarchical relationship in Git history.
parent team
parent team
A team in a Git platform that grants its permissions to nested sub-teams within an organization.
participating notifications
participating notifications
Alerts received when you're directly involved in repository activities like being assigned or mentioned.
pathspec
pathspec
A pattern used in Git commands to limit the scope of operations to specific files or directories.
peel
peel
The process of recursively dereferencing a Git object to reveal its underlying object type.
per-worktree ref
per-worktree ref
A reference specific to a particular working tree in a Git repository with multiple worktrees.
permalink
permalink
A URL that points to a specific version of a file or directory in a Git repository, ensuring consistent reference.
personal account
personal account
An individual account on Git platforms, used for personal projects and contributions.
pickaxe
pickaxe
A Git feature for searching the repository history to find when a particular change was introduced.
pinned repository
pinned repository
A featured repository prominently displayed on a user's or organization's profile page on their Git hosting platform of choice.
plumbing
plumbing
Low-level Git commands that expose internal workings, primarily used for scripting and advanced operations.
porcelain
porcelain
High-level Git commands designed for everyday use, providing a user-friendly interface to common version control tasks.
pre-receive hooks
pre-receive hooks
Server-side scripts that run before pushed commits are accepted, used to enforce policies or perform checks.
primary email address
primary email address
The main email associated with a Git account, used for communications and commit author identification.
private contributions
private contributions
Contributions made to private repositories, typically only visible to repository collaborators.
private repository
private repository
A Git repository with restricted access, visible only to the owner and explicitly granted collaborators.
production branch
production branch
A Git branch that represents the stable, deployed version of a project, often protected from direct changes.
profile
profile
A user's public page on a Git platform, displaying information about their activity and repositories.
profile photo
profile photo
An image representing a user on a Git platform, displayed alongside their contributions and activities.
project board
project board
A kanban-style board in Git platforms for organizing and prioritizing project issues and pull requests.
protected branch
protected branch
A branch with rules enforcing certain conditions before changes can be pushed, merged, or deleted.
pseudoref
pseudoref
A Git reference that doesn't follow the standard refs format but is treated similarly, like HEAD or MERGE_HEAD.
public contributions
public contributions
Contributions made to public repositories, visible on a user's profile and activity feed.
public repository
public repository
A Git repository that is openly accessible to anyone, allowing viewing and often cloning without authentication.
pull access
pull access
Permission level in Git allowing a user to clone a repository and fetch updates, but not push changes.
pull request review
pull request review
The process of examining proposed changes in a pull request before they are merged into the main codebase.
pulse graph
pulse graph
A visual representation of a GitHub repository's recent activity, including commits, issues, and pull requests.
punch graph
punch graph
A visualization of commit frequency over time, often displayed as a heatmap on Git platforms.
push a branch
push a branch
The act of uploading commits from a local branch to a corresponding branch in a remote Git repository.
push access
push access
Permission to upload local changes to a remote Git repository, allowing direct modification of shared branches.
reachability bitmaps
reachability bitmaps
Data structures used to optimize Git operations by quickly determining which objects are reachable from a given commit.
reachable
reachable
Git objects that can be accessed by following the commit history from a given reference point.
read access
read access
Permission to view and clone a Git repository without the ability to make changes or push commits.
recovery code
recovery code
A backup method for accessing a Git account if two-factor authentication is enabled but unavailable.
ref
ref
A name that points to a specific Git object, typically a commit, such as branches or tags.
refs
refs
The collection of references in a Git repository, including branches, tags, and other named pointers to commits.
remote URL
remote URL
The address of a remote Git repository, used for fetching and pushing changes between local and remote repositories.
remote repository
remote repository
A version of a Git project hosted on a server, serving as a central point for collaboration and backup.
remote-tracking branch
remote-tracking branch
A local reference that represents the state of a corresponding branch in a remote repository.
replica
replica
A copy of a Git repository, often used in distributed systems for redundancy and load balancing.
repository cache
repository cache
A local storage of repository data used to improve performance in Git operations.
repository graph
repository graph
A visual representation of the commit history and branch structure in a Git repository.
repository maintainer
repository maintainer
A person responsible for managing a Git repository, reviewing contributions, and maintaining project quality.
required pull request review
required pull request review
A protection rule requiring one or more reviewers to approve changes before merging in Git platforms.
required status check
required status check
A condition that must be met, such as passing tests, before changes can be merged into a protected branch.
resolve
resolve
The process of addressing and fixing merge conflicts in Git, typically done manually by the developer.
revert
revert
A Git operation that creates a new commit that undoes the changes made by a previous commit.
review
review
The process of examining proposed changes in a pull request before merging them into the main codebase.
revision
revision
A specific version of a file, directory, or entire repository in Git, often referenced by a commit hash.
rewind
rewind
The act of moving a branch pointer to an earlier commit in Git, effectively undoing more recent commits.
root directory
root directory
The top-level directory of a Git repository, containing all project files and the .git subdirectory.
root filesystem
root filesystem
The base filesystem of a Git repository, from which all other directories and files are organized.
saved reply
saved reply
A pre-written response that can be quickly inserted into issues or pull request comments on Git platforms.
scope
scope
The range of access or permissions granted to a token or application in Git-based systems.
seat
seat
A licensed user in enterprise Git hosting plans, typically representing a single user account.
secret team
secret team
A team in a Git organization that is hidden from non-members and other teams within the organization.
security log
security log
A record of security-related events and actions in a system, used for monitoring and auditing purposes.
server-to-server request
server-to-server request
An authenticated request between Git servers, often used in integrations or automated processes.
service hook
service hook
A mechanism for Git platforms to send event notifications to external services or applications.
shallow repository
shallow repository
A Git repository with an intentionally truncated history, often created through shallow cloning.
single sign-on
single sign-on
An authentication process allowing users to access multiple Git-related services with one set of credentials.
special ref
special ref
A Git reference with a specific meaning or function, such as HEAD or FETCH_HEAD.
staging instance
staging instance
A deployment environment used for testing changes before releasing to production in Git-based workflows.
star
star
A feature on Git hosting platforms allowing users to bookmark repositories of interest.
3D Stacked Memory for Cloud Servers
High-density memory architecture using vertically stacked chips, enhancing performance and capacity in cloud server hardware.
5G Cloud
Cloud infrastructure optimized for 5G networks, supporting high-speed, low-latency services and applications.
5G Network Slicing
Technique to create multiple virtual networks on a shared physical 5G infrastructure, each optimized for specific use cases.
5G and Edge Computing
Integration of 5G networks with edge computing to enable low-latency, high-bandwidth applications closer to end-users.
6G Cloud Integration
Future convergence of 6G networks with cloud computing, promising ultra-high speeds and advanced capabilities.
ACID Compliance
Database transaction properties (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) ensuring data integrity in cloud environments.
AI Ethics Compliance Tools
Software ensuring AI systems adhere to ethical guidelines and regulations in cloud deployments.
AI Ethics and Bias Detection Tools
Software for identifying and mitigating ethical issues and biases in AI models deployed in cloud environments.
AI Ethics and Governance Tools
Solutions for managing ethical considerations and regulatory compliance in cloud-based AI systems.
AI Governance Frameworks
Structured approaches for managing AI development, deployment, and use in cloud environments.
AI Model Governance Platforms
Comprehensive solutions for managing, monitoring, and controlling AI models in cloud-based systems.
AI Model Interpretability Services
Cloud-based tools for explaining and understanding the decision-making processes of AI models.
AI Model Interpretability Tools
Software for analyzing and explaining AI model decisions, crucial for transparency in cloud AI services.
AI Model Marketplaces
Cloud platforms for discovering, sharing, and monetizing pre-trained AI models and algorithms.
AI Model Monitoring and Drift Detection
Tools for tracking AI model performance and identifying deviations from expected behavior in cloud environments.
AI Model Versioning and Governance
Systems for managing different versions of AI models and enforcing governance policies in cloud deployments.
AI-Assisted Coding Platforms
Cloud-based development environments that use AI to assist programmers in writing and optimizing code.
AI-Augmented Analytics
Integration of AI capabilities into data analytics processes in cloud environments for enhanced insights.
AI-Driven Capacity Planning
Use of AI algorithms to predict and optimize resource allocation in cloud infrastructures.
AI-Driven Cloud Optimization
Application of AI techniques to improve efficiency, performance, and cost-effectiveness of cloud resources.
AI-Driven Cloud Resource Allocation
Automated distribution of cloud resources using AI to optimize performance and cost-efficiency.
AI-Driven Cloud Service Composition
AI-based automation of cloud service selection and integration for complex workflows.
AI-Driven Code Generation
Automated creation of source code using AI models, often integrated into cloud development platforms.
AI-Driven Data Classification
Automated categorization and labeling of data using AI algorithms in cloud storage and processing systems.
AI-Driven Network Optimization
Use of AI to improve network performance, efficiency, and security in cloud environments.
AI-Driven Resource Allocation
Intelligent distribution of computing resources in cloud environments using AI algorithms.
AI-Driven Security Information and Event Management (SIEM)
Enhanced SIEM systems using AI for improved threat detection and response in cloud environments.
AI-Driven Threat Detection
Use of AI algorithms to identify and analyze potential security threats in cloud systems.
AI-Driven Threat Hunting
Proactive search for hidden threats in cloud environments using AI-powered analytics and automation.
AI-Optimized Cloud Hardware
Cloud infrastructure components designed or configured to enhance AI workload performance.
AI-Optimized Databases
Database systems tailored for AI workloads, often featuring in-memory processing and distributed architectures.
AI-Powered Anomaly Detection
Use of AI algorithms to identify unusual patterns or behaviors in cloud systems and data.
AI-Powered Integration
Intelligent automation of data and application integration processes in cloud environments using AI.
AI-as-a-Service
Cloud-based offering of AI capabilities, allowing businesses to leverage AI without extensive in-house expertise.
AI-as-a-Service (AIaaS)
Cloud-based AI capabilities offered as a service, enabling easy integration of AI into applications.
AIOps Platforms
Integrated solutions leveraging AI for automated monitoring, analysis, and management of cloud IT operations.
AIOps for Predictive Maintenance
Use of AI-driven analytics to forecast and prevent system failures in cloud infrastructure.
API Security Gateway
Service that protects APIs in cloud environments by managing access, monitoring traffic, and preventing attacks.
API Security Gateways
Dedicated services for securing and managing APIs in cloud environments, including access control and threat protection.
API-First Development
Design approach prioritizing API creation before implementation, common in cloud-native application development.
API-Led Connectivity
Integration strategy using purpose-built APIs to connect data, devices, and applications in cloud ecosystems.
AR Cloud
Persistent 3D digital content overlaid on the physical world, accessible via cloud infrastructure for augmented reality applications.
AR/VR Analytics
Cloud-based tools for analyzing user behavior and performance in augmented and virtual reality environments.
AR/VR Collaboration Platforms
Cloud-hosted services enabling multi-user interaction in shared augmented or virtual reality spaces.
AR/VR Content Delivery Network
Specialized CDN optimized for delivering AR/VR content with low latency and high bandwidth.
AR/VR Development Platforms
Cloud-based tools and services for creating, testing, and deploying augmented and virtual reality applications.
ARM Templates (Azure)
JSON-based files defining infrastructure and configuration for Azure resource deployment.
Adaptive User Interfaces for Cloud Services
Dynamic UIs that adjust based on user behavior, device capabilities, and context in cloud applications.
Adversarial Machine Learning Detection
Techniques to identify and mitigate attacks on ML models in cloud-based AI systems.
Alerting and Notification
Systems for informing administrators or users about important events or issues in cloud environments.
Algorithmic Auditing
Process of examining AI algorithms for bias, errors, or unintended consequences in cloud-based systems.
Ambient Computing Interfaces for Cloud
Seamless, context-aware interaction methods for accessing cloud services in IoT environments.
Anomaly Detection Systems
Tools for identifying unusual patterns or behaviors in cloud systems, often using machine learning techniques.
Application-Aware Networking
Network management approach that optimizes performance based on specific application requirements in cloud environments.
Approximate Query Processing
Technique for quickly estimating query results in large-scale cloud databases, trading accuracy for speed.
Archive Storage (e.g., Amazon Glacier, Azure Archive Storage)
Low-cost cloud storage for infrequently accessed data with longer retrieval times, e.g., Amazon Glacier, Azure Archive Storage.
Artifact Repository
Cloud-based storage for software build outputs, dependencies, and related metadata.
Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) as a Service
Hypothetical cloud offering of human-level AI capabilities across various domains.
Artificial General Intelligence Research Platforms
Cloud-based environments for developing and testing advanced AI systems approaching human-level intelligence.
Audit Logging
Systematic recording of actions and events in cloud systems for security and compliance purposes.
Audit Trails
Chronological records of system activities for reconstructing and examining the sequence of events in cloud environments.
Augmented Analytics
Integration of machine learning and natural language processing in cloud-based data analytics workflows.
Augmented Reality (AR) Cloud
Shared, persistent digital content overlaid on the physical world, accessible via cloud infrastructure.
Augmented Reality Cloud Interfaces
Cloud-based systems for managing and delivering AR content and experiences, enabling scalable AR applications.
Augmented Reality Cloud Rendering
Cloud-powered generation of AR graphics and content, offloading processing from end-user devices.
Auto Scaling Groups
Collections of EC2 instances that automatically adjust capacity based on defined conditions.
Auto-scaling
Automatic adjustment of cloud resources to match workload demands, ensuring optimal performance and cost-efficiency.
AutoML
Automated machine learning processes for model selection, hyperparameter tuning, and feature engineering in cloud environments.
AutoML in the Cloud
Cloud-based services automating the machine learning pipeline from data preparation to model deployment and monitoring.
Automated AI Pipeline Optimization
AI-driven tools for improving efficiency and performance of machine learning workflows in the cloud.
Automated Cloud Governance Enforcement
Systems that automatically implement and maintain cloud resource policies and compliance.
Automated Compliance Monitoring
Continuous, AI-driven assessment of cloud systems against regulatory and security standards.
Automated Data Discovery
AI-powered tools for identifying, categorizing, and mapping data assets in cloud environments.
Automated Data Governance
AI-driven systems for managing data quality, security, and compliance in cloud environments.
Automated Data Wrangling Services
Cloud-based tools using AI to clean, transform, and prepare data for analysis, streamlining data preparation processes.
Automated Feature Engineering
AI-powered generation and selection of features for machine learning models in cloud environments.
Automated Incident Response Orchestration
AI-driven coordination of security incident detection and resolution in cloud systems, automating response workflows.
Automated Machine Learning (AutoML)
Cloud services that automate the process of creating and optimizing machine learning models, from data prep to deployment.
Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) Platforms
Cloud-based systems that automate the end-to-end machine learning model development process, including feature engineering and model selection.
Automated Penetration Testing
AI-driven tools for simulating cyberattacks to identify vulnerabilities in cloud systems and applications.
Automated Threat Modeling
AI-powered analysis of cloud architectures to identify potential security risks and attack vectors.
Autonomous Systems in the Cloud
Self-managing, self-healing cloud services requiring minimal human intervention, leveraging AI for operations.
Azure Edge Zones
Ultra-low latency edge computing extensions of Azure for 5G networks, bringing cloud resources closer to users.
Azure Policy
Service for creating, assigning, and managing policies to control Azure resources and ensure compliance.
B2B Integration Platforms
Cloud-based services facilitating data exchange and process integration between business partners.
Backend for Frontend (BFF) Pattern
Architectural approach creating backend services tailored to specific frontend application needs in cloud environments.
Bare Metal Server
Physical server dedicated to a single tenant, offering direct hardware access in cloud environments.
Bare Metal Servers
Dedicated physical servers without virtualization, offered as a cloud service for high-performance workloads.
Batch Processing (e.g., AWS Batch, Azure Batch)
Execution of series of jobs without user interaction, often for large-scale data processing in the cloud (e.g., AWS Batch, Azure Batch).
Big Data Clusters
Distributed computing environments for processing and analyzing massive datasets in the cloud.
Billing Dashboard
Interface for monitoring and managing cloud service usage and costs, providing detailed breakdowns and forecasts.
Biocomputing in the Cloud
Use of cloud resources for computational biology and genomics research, enabling large-scale analysis and modeling.
Biodiversity Impact Assessment for Cloud Facilities
Evaluation of cloud data center effects on local ecosystems and wildlife to ensure sustainable operations.
Block Storage
Cloud storage that provides fixed-size raw storage volumes, typically used for databases or file systems.
Block Storage (e.g., Amazon EBS, Azure Disk Storage)
Cloud services providing persistent block-level storage volumes for use with compute instances.
Blockchain Analytics
Cloud-based tools for analyzing and visualizing blockchain data and transactions, offering insights into network activity.
Blockchain Databases
Distributed databases using blockchain technology for enhanced security and immutability in cloud environments.
Vertical Pod Autoscaler with Custom Metrics
Extended VPA functionality allowing scaling decisions based on application-specific metrics.
VerticalPodAutoscaler
Kubernetes resource defining the behavior for automatically adjusting pod resource requests and limits.
Virtual Clusters
Isolated environments within a physical Kubernetes cluster, providing multi-tenancy and resource isolation.
Virtual IP (VIP)
Single IP address representing a service, used for load balancing in container networking.
Virtual Kubelet
Kubernetes kubelet implementation that masquerades as a node and schedules pods on non-Kubernetes platforms.
Volume Access Modes (ReadWriteOnce, ReadOnlyMany, ReadWriteMany)
Kubernetes volume properties (ReadWriteOnce, ReadOnlyMany, ReadWriteMany) defining how a volume can be mounted.
Volume Cloning
Process of creating a new volume populated with the contents of an existing volume in Kubernetes.
Volume Expansion
Feature allowing the size of a persistent volume to be increased without recreating the volume.
Volume Health Monitoring
Kubernetes feature for detecting and reporting issues with persistent volumes to ensure data integrity.
Volume Modes (Block, Filesystem)
Kubernetes volume properties (Block, Filesystem) defining how the storage is presented to the container.
Volume Mounting
Process of making a storage volume accessible within a container's filesystem, enabling data persistence.
Volume Mounts
Specifications in Kubernetes pod definitions declaring how volumes should be mounted into containers.
Volume Plugins
Kubernetes components enabling integration with various storage systems for persistent storage.
Volume Snapshots
Point-in-time copies of volumes in Kubernetes, used for backup, restoration, or cloning of persistent data.
Vulnerability Scanning Integration
Incorporation of security scanning tools into the container build and deployment pipeline.
Weave GitOps
Set of tools for implementing GitOps workflows in Kubernetes environments, automating deployment and management.
Weave Net
Software-defined networking solution for containerized applications, providing a virtual network across hosts.
Weave Net for Multi-host Docker Networking
Use of Weave Net to create a virtual network connecting Docker containers across multiple hosts.
WebAssembly (Wasm) in Containers
Use of WebAssembly runtimes in containers for portable, secure, and high-performance applications.
WebAssembly in Service Mesh
Integration of WebAssembly modules in service mesh proxies for customizable traffic management.
Webhook Admission Controllers
External services invoked during the Kubernetes admission process to validate or mutate API requests.
Webhook Authorization
Kubernetes authorization mode delegating access decisions to an external REST service, enabling custom auth logic.
Webhook Token Authentication
Kubernetes authentication method verifying bearer tokens against an external webhook service.
Whereabouts for IP Address Management
CNI IPAM plugin for dynamically allocating IP addresses across multiple nodes in Kubernetes.
Wireguard for Container Networks
Use of the Wireguard VPN protocol to secure container-to-container communication across hosts.
X.509 Client Certs
Digital certificates used for authenticating clients in Kubernetes API server communications.
XDP (eXpress Data Path)
Linux kernel technology for high-performance packet processing, useful in container networking scenarios.
cAdvisor
Container advisor that collects, aggregates, and exports resource usage and performance data from running containers.
cgroups v2
Second version of control groups, offering a unified hierarchy and improved resource management for containers.
containerd
Industry-standard container runtime used by many container and orchestration platforms, providing core container operations.
containerd Internals
Core components and architecture of the containerd container runtime, including its image management and execution features.
containerd Shim
Intermediary process between containerd and runc, managing container lifecycle and I/O, enhancing isolation.
eBPF for Container Networking
Use of extended Berkeley Packet Filter for advanced container networking capabilities, enhancing performance and security.
eBPF for Container Observability
Use of extended Berkeley Packet Filter for deep insights into container behavior and performance.
eBPF in Service Mesh
Integration of eBPF technology in service mesh implementations for improved performance and observability.
eBPF-based Monitoring
Use of eBPF for efficient and detailed monitoring of containerized applications and infrastructure.
etcd Encryption
Feature ensuring at-rest encryption of data stored in etcd, Kubernetes' distributed key-value store.
etcd Performance Tuning
Optimization techniques for improving etcd performance in large-scale container orchestration.
etcd Snapshots
Point-in-time copies of etcd's state, used for backup and recovery in Kubernetes clusters.
etcd Upgrade
Process of updating the etcd cluster to a newer version in a Kubernetes environment, ensuring cluster data store reliability.
gRPC Protocol
High-performance, open-source RPC framework used for efficient communication between containerized microservices.
gRPC in Microservices
Use of gRPC, a high-performance RPC framework, for communication between containerized microservices.
gVisor
Container runtime sandbox that provides an additional layer of isolation between containerized applications and the host kernel.
gVisor for Container Isolation
Use of gVisor to enhance security in multi-tenant container environments by isolating containers from the host kernel.
in-toto for Supply Chain Integrity
Framework for securing software supply chains, applicable to container image build and distribution processes.
kube-hunter for Penetration Testing
Open-source tool for discovering security weaknesses in Kubernetes clusters through simulated attacks.
kube-proxy
Kubernetes network proxy maintaining network rules on nodes, implementing part of the Kubernetes Service concept.
kube-proxy Modes (iptables, IPVS)
Different implementations of kube-proxy for managing service networking, each with unique performance characteristics.
kube-scheduler
Kubernetes component responsible for assigning newly created pods to nodes based on resource requirements and constraints.
kubelet
Primary node agent running on each node in a Kubernetes cluster, ensuring containers are running in a pod as expected.